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	<title>Essays Archivi - Diritti Lavori Mercati</title>
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		<title>Remuneration of “Grey Times”: at the intersection between the Working Time Directive and the Minimum Wage Directive</title>
		<link>https://www.ddllmm.eu/remuneration-of-grey-times-at-the-intersection-between-the-working-time-directive-and-the-minimum-wage-directive/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tommaso Maserati]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 07 Mar 2026 17:39:47 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Essays n. 2-2025]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ddllmm.eu/?p=5078</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati - </a></p>
<p>download PDF Abstract This paper explores the evolving legal landscape surrounding the remuneration of “grey time” – periods of on-call or stand-by duty – within both EU and Italian frameworks. It critically examines the jurisprudence of the European Court of Justice, which progressively redefined “working time” through spatial and temporal constraints,</p>
<p>L'articolo <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu/remuneration-of-grey-times-at-the-intersection-between-the-working-time-directive-and-the-minimum-wage-directive/">Remuneration of “Grey Times”: at the intersection between the Working Time Directive and the Minimum Wage Directive</a> proviene da <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati</a>.</p>
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		<title>Are Union Co-op Labor Negotiations a Win-Win and for Whom?</title>
		<link>https://www.ddllmm.eu/are-union-co-op-labor-negotiations-a-win-win-and-for-whom/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ariana Levinson]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 07 Mar 2026 17:37:02 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Essays n. 2-2025]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ddllmm.eu/?p=5076</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati - </a></p>
<p>download PDF AbstractThis paper explores how union negotiations in worker-owned co-ops compare to more traditional labor negotiations. The theoretical analysis addresses possible synergies between practices traditionally considered as alternative, employee ownership and collective bargaining, and the development of collective bargaining in new business models. Initially, the theoretical framework that provides the</p>
<p>L'articolo <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu/are-union-co-op-labor-negotiations-a-win-win-and-for-whom/">Are Union Co-op Labor Negotiations a Win-Win and for Whom?</a> proviene da <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati</a>.</p>
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		<title>Intersectional Discrimination under EU Directive 2023/970 and Beyond: Challenges and New Perspectivesfor European Equality Law</title>
		<link>https://www.ddllmm.eu/intersectional-discrimination-under-eu-directive-2023-970-and-beyond-challenges-and-new-perspectivesfor-european-equality-law/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Daniela Izzi]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 07 Mar 2026 17:33:49 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Essays n. 2-2025]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ddllmm.eu/?p=5075</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati - </a></p>
<p>download PDF Abstract This article examines a pivotal development in EU equality law: the first explicit prohibition of intersectional discrimination introduced by Directive (EU) 2023/970 on strengthening the principle of equal pay between women and men. After clarifying the relevant terminology used in the context of multi-ground discrimination, it analyses the</p>
<p>L'articolo <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu/intersectional-discrimination-under-eu-directive-2023-970-and-beyond-challenges-and-new-perspectivesfor-european-equality-law/">Intersectional Discrimination under EU Directive 2023/970 and Beyond: Challenges and New Perspectivesfor European Equality Law</a> proviene da <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati</a>.</p>
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		<title>The Classification of Workers – a Regulatory Gap?</title>
		<link>https://www.ddllmm.eu/the-classification-of-workers-a-regulatory-gap/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Annette P. Hemmingby]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 07 Mar 2026 17:23:39 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Essays n. 2-2025]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ddllmm.eu/?p=5074</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati - </a></p>
<p>download PDF Abstract This article examines whether Norwegian labour law contains a regulatory gap at the margins of regulated working life, focusing on the classification of workers in platform-mediated and other non-standard forms of work. The Norwegian labour-law model rests on a dual structure: statutory protection under the Working Environment Act</p>
<p>L'articolo <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu/the-classification-of-workers-a-regulatory-gap/">The Classification of Workers – a Regulatory Gap?</a> proviene da <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati</a>.</p>
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		<title>Labour Rights as Human Rights: the Prospectsfor Substantive and Remedial Protection Offeredby Directive (EU) 2024/1760</title>
		<link>https://www.ddllmm.eu/labour-rights-as-human-rights-the-prospectsfor-substantive-and-remedial-protection-offeredby-directive-eu-2024-1760/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Maria Giovannone]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 07 Mar 2026 17:15:03 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Essays n. 2-2025]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ddllmm.eu/?p=5073</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati - </a></p>
<p>download PDF Abstract The essay analyses the possible impact that the valorisation of the binomial labour rights as human rights may have on the techniques of substantive and remedial protection of individual and collective labour rights in the context of global supply chains, starting from the recent provisions of Directive (EU)</p>
<p>L'articolo <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu/labour-rights-as-human-rights-the-prospectsfor-substantive-and-remedial-protection-offeredby-directive-eu-2024-1760/">Labour Rights as Human Rights: the Prospectsfor Substantive and Remedial Protection Offeredby Directive (EU) 2024/1760</a> proviene da <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati</a>.</p>
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		<title>The Women’s lawyer: Éliane Vogel Polsky and the Defrenne cases</title>
		<link>https://www.ddllmm.eu/the-womens-lawyer-eliane-vogel-polsky-and-the-defrenne-cases/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Stefania Torre]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Sep 2025 13:35:19 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Essays n. 1-2025]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ddllmm.eu/?p=4532</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati - </a></p>
<p>download PDF Abstract The essay rebuilds the role of Eliane Vogel Polski, a Belgian lawyer, feminist and equal opportunities advocate, in the complicated judicial affair that opposed the hostess Gabrielle Defrenne and the Airline Sabena and that provoked three historic judgments of the European Court of Justice, which sanctioned the principle</p>
<p>L'articolo <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu/the-womens-lawyer-eliane-vogel-polsky-and-the-defrenne-cases/">The Women’s lawyer: Éliane Vogel Polsky and the Defrenne cases</a> proviene da <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati</a>.</p>
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		<title>Decline in Collective Bargaining Coverage: Insights and Experiences from Germany</title>
		<link>https://www.ddllmm.eu/decline-in-collective-bargaining-coverage-insights-and-experiences-from-germany/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Alexander Stöhr]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Sep 2025 13:33:46 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Essays n. 1-2025]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ddllmm.eu/?p=4531</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati - </a></p>
<p>download PDF Abstract Concern for the common good is directing the focus of labour law policy towards strengthening collective bargaining coverage. In many countries, the collective bargaining coverage is in decline, mainly because of the cost-free participation of outsider employees (“free riders”). The article discusses possible solutions for countermeasures with a</p>
<p>L'articolo <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu/decline-in-collective-bargaining-coverage-insights-and-experiences-from-germany/">Decline in Collective Bargaining Coverage: Insights and Experiences from Germany</a> proviene da <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati</a>.</p>
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		<title>Deconstructing the Labour-Productivism Nexus: A Capability Approach to Labour Law and Industrial Relations Institutions</title>
		<link>https://www.ddllmm.eu/deconstructing-the-labour-productivism-nexus-a-capability-approach-to-labour-law-and-industrial-relations-institutions/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Olga Rubagotti]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Sep 2025 13:31:27 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Essays n. 1-2025]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ddllmm.eu/?p=4530</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati - </a></p>
<p>download PDF Abstract This article examines how reconceptualising labour law through the lens of the Capability Approach can contribute to the de-legitimisation of productivist rationales, by safeguarding workers’ freedom of choice both within the labour market and at the level of the employment relationship. Adopting this normative framework, the analysis focuses</p>
<p>L'articolo <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu/deconstructing-the-labour-productivism-nexus-a-capability-approach-to-labour-law-and-industrial-relations-institutions/">Deconstructing the Labour-Productivism Nexus: A Capability Approach to Labour Law and Industrial Relations Institutions</a> proviene da <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati</a>.</p>
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		<title>AI at Work: Reframing Data Protection through the Lens of Labor Law</title>
		<link>https://www.ddllmm.eu/ai-at-work-reframing-data-protection-through-the-lens-of-labor-law/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Alessandra Ingrao]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Sep 2025 13:29:42 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Essays n. 1-2025]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ddllmm.eu/?p=4529</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati - </a></p>
<p>download PDF Abstract Artificial Intelligence is reshaping the workplace, but the legal framework designed to protect workers’ privacy is struggling to keep pace. This article challenges the notion that AI requires exceptional legal treatment, arguing instead that it magnifies long-standing tensions within data protection and labor law. It highlights two core</p>
<p>L'articolo <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu/ai-at-work-reframing-data-protection-through-the-lens-of-labor-law/">AI at Work: Reframing Data Protection through the Lens of Labor Law</a> proviene da <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati</a>.</p>
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		<title>AI, Working Machinery and OSH Implications: Human Rights Approach and Liability Regimes in the Multilevel Regulation</title>
		<link>https://www.ddllmm.eu/ai-working-machinery-and-osh-implications-human-rights-approach-and-liability-regimes-in-the-multilevel-regulation/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Maria Giovannone]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Sep 2025 13:28:10 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Essays n. 1-2025]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ddllmm.eu/?p=4528</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati - </a></p>
<p>download PDF Abstract The essay analyses the AI Act in the frame of EU machinery requirements regulation starting from the labour rights as human rights international debate and then exploring its possible impact on the Italian OSH legislation with particular reference to the employer’s obligation to assess risks and the safety</p>
<p>L'articolo <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu/ai-working-machinery-and-osh-implications-human-rights-approach-and-liability-regimes-in-the-multilevel-regulation/">AI, Working Machinery and OSH Implications: Human Rights Approach and Liability Regimes in the Multilevel Regulation</a> proviene da <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati</a>.</p>
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		<title>Workplace Inclusion and Social Sustainability: the Case of Workers with Chronic Illness and Transplant Recipients</title>
		<link>https://www.ddllmm.eu/workplace-inclusion-and-social-sustainability-the-case-of-workers-with-chronic-illness-and-transplant-recipients/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Claudia Carchio]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Sep 2025 13:26:30 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Essays n. 1-2025]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ddllmm.eu/?p=4527</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati - </a></p>
<p>download PDF Abstract The essay examines the employment inclusion of individuals with chronic illnesses and transplant recipients, focusing on the legal uncertainties arising from the absence of a coherent regulatory framework within the Italian legal system. Building on the supranational recognition of the biopsychosocial model of disability, it illustrates how existing</p>
<p>L'articolo <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu/workplace-inclusion-and-social-sustainability-the-case-of-workers-with-chronic-illness-and-transplant-recipients/">Workplace Inclusion and Social Sustainability: the Case of Workers with Chronic Illness and Transplant Recipients</a> proviene da <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati</a>.</p>
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		<title>Recent Developments in the Regulation of Equality Bodies in the European Union*</title>
		<link>https://www.ddllmm.eu/recent-developments-in-the-regulation-of-equality-bodies-in-the-european-union/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Matilde Biagiotti]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Sep 2025 13:23:48 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Essays n. 1-2025]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ddllmm.eu/?p=4525</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati - </a></p>
<p>download PDF AbstractThe essay examines recent legislative developments at the European level in the field of anti-discrimination law with the adoption of EU directives 2024/1499 and 2024/1500 concerning equality bodies. Specifically, the analysis provides an overview of the establishment, mandate, and characteristics of the renewed equality bodies, with particular attention to</p>
<p>L'articolo <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu/recent-developments-in-the-regulation-of-equality-bodies-in-the-european-union/">Recent Developments in the Regulation of Equality Bodies in the European Union*</a> proviene da <a href="https://www.ddllmm.eu">Diritti Lavori Mercati</a>.</p>
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